Wednesday, July 5, 2017

Re: [Electric Boats] Parallel Revisited

 

Sorry for the delay in responding - reception not always good at boat location. Thanks to all for info and suggestions. Two new batteries not out of the question since I have a project that could use existing one. Not so sure I could handle a battery with more weight than this one (65#), so not thinking a heavier 12V config.  Also not many options for securing batteries on this boat, so not thinking multiple 6V. Want to keep whatever I have to be low and centered. (Lots of deconstructing and reconstructing to accomplish this.) Overall weight will be good since removed lead ingot ballast is nearly equal to 130#. This 12V trolling motor became available at a good price and does have what appears to be an efficient speed controller. Upgrading will have to wait.

Long before I knew all the technicalities provided by Hanermo - and before I knew there were hazards that might not be solved with a fuse - keeping the house batteries in my old sailboat in parallel seemed to have advantages. In the early years, I followed the charter sailing school's teaching of start and run engine on BOTH, and sail with battery 1 on odd calendar days and battery 2 on even numbered days. It was only a couple of years before at least one battery needed replacing. When I finally could afford two new batteries, the switch just went between OFF and BOTH and many years later, the batteries were still good when I sold the boat. For insurance, I did have a homemade low voltage alarm connected and an emergency starter battery stowed away. The alarm only chirped for a second when the A4 started up, and the emergency battery was used for many things, but never was needed to start the engine.


On 6/30/2017 3:11 PM, Daniel Michaels nov32394@yahoo.com [electricboats] wrote:
 

Yes but he wants to keep it simple. If he goes parallel he will have to purchase two new batteries. If he only needs a little more for comfort and peace he only needs one more battery. Because what he has now works he will get twice the range he needs. 


 

Some commentary..
Technically, a larger pack pack is (quite a lot) more efficient, and will last much longer and provide much more power overall, due to much lower C rates.
This is very much the reality, as well as the theory.

e:
6 batteries in parallel, running one at a time, for a useful power-output to 50% dod, in one hour.
The 6 batteries will provide x power, say 3 knots on some particular theoretical craft, or 3 knots/hr, 18 miles total.

If in parallel, You will likely get about 9 hours to 50% dod, and the battery lifetime will be 50% longer, over the useful life of the batteries.
Or 27 miles range, vs 18, 50% more.
More or less, it is an example of how it works..

But..
1.
IF for some reason You bust the pack, due to overcharging, undercharging, or overusing, the whole thing is toast vs just one battery.

2.
IF for some reason You run out of juice, You have no options.
BUT You are probably very much less likely to run out of juice with 27 miles, vs 18.

You get 50% more useful life with 6xP, but must then make sure that it is sufficient.
This is not much different to exhausting 6 batteries one after the other, and then being out of juice, but with only half the total capacity.

A good way to think about all this is;
1.
double the voltage, twice, for about 20-25% increase in range/performance/results.

So, vs a 12 V system,
12V x 2 x 2 = 48 V.
A 48 volt system will be about 25% more efficient, due to lower losses in cables, inductance, back emf, etc.
Often more, in marine stuff, details matter a lot..

2.
Triple the capacity, for 20-25% increase in range/efficiency/total power; depending on what You need (a bit less benefit in lion batteries).
So, if 1 kWh of batteries provide say 10 miles at 2 knots,
3 kWh will typically provide == 3 x 1 x 1.25 = 3.6 miles.

3.
Double the prop D for a great increase in efficiency.
Often 30-50%, upto 100%.
But it is hard to do, needs different pitches, etc.. and is very seldom if almost-never done.

The best part about electric drive, is that You *could* increase the prop size, lower pitch, and still get great results, because electric drives are happy to run slow, with full torque and power, without loss of efficiency.



On 30/06/2017 18:43, Walter Pearson pearson1854@comcast.net [electricboats] wrote:
My thinking was that connected in parallel, it would reduce DOD, keeping them more in balance and possibly extending life. Maybe that is not worth it?

--   -hanermo (cnc designs)  

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Posted by: Walter Pearson <pearson1854@comcast.net>
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